Most respondents (67%) indicate that they have worked under different legal frameworks over the past 3 months. 31% indicate that they have experience of informal employment during this period. 79% taxi drivers', and only 46% of freelancers' work is somehow formalized. Most freelancers (52%) indicate that they work informally, compared to 19-27% among other categories.
Most respondents agree that formal employment provides more guarantees of labor rights (57%). There are significantly more such respondents among formal than among informal workers (63% vs. 44%). Also, 38% of formally employed workers believe that their income increases due to fair pay, while only 17% of informal workers agree with this. Overall, formal employment is important and necessary for 44% of respondents, however for informal workers, this share is only 29%.
COURIER (various categories)
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COURIER (groceries or ready-made food)
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TAXI DRIVER
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FREELANCER
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WORK SCHEDULE
The vast majority work several times a week or every day (86%). Food delivery drivers have significantly more daily work than the general population (52% vs. 40%) and work less often once a week or less (2%). Among freelancers, on the contrary, significantly fewer work daily (25%), and more (32%) work once a week or less.
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COURIER (various categories)
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COURIER (groceries or ready-made food)
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TAXI DRIVER
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FREELANCER
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WORKLOAD
On average, respondents rate their work at 6.7 out of 10 (87% rated it from 5 to 9 out of 10). Registered workers are busier than informal workers (7 vs. 6.2). By type of employment, couriers of various categories have the most work on average – 7.3, while freelancers work the least – 5.8.
During the war, couriers of various categories tend to earn more due to increased demand for their services (29%, compared to 19% among platform workers in general). Food delivery couriers have been less affected by the decline in demand for their services (12% versus 25% overall). Taxi drivers are more likely to face restrictions on movement (32% compared to 23% overall) and working hours (38% compared to 25% overall) due to the introduction of checkpoints, curfews, and the possibility of mobilization. Freelancers, on the other hand, are the least affected by curfews (10%), but they experience the greatest emotional stress due to the need to work more or change fields (30% vs. 12-16% in other categories).
One in four respondents reported facing work restrictions due to curfews (25%), a drop in orders as people left (25%), emotional stress from working during air raid alerts (25%), movement restrictions from checkpoints, and fear of mobilization (23%). About one in five experience emotional stress from working more or changing job types (19%) or from competing with workers from other regions (18%). Some respondents mentioned earning more (19%) or not feeling the war's impact (12%), but these are in the minority. Fewer formally employed individuals report income decreases from fewer orders compared to those employed informally (24% vs. 31%).
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How many days per week they usually work
Most respondents work 4-5 days a week (44%). There are significantly more people among freelancers who work only one day a week (17% compared to 2-4% among other categories). Freelancers have the fewest working hours - 65% work 4 hours or less per day, while among other categories, most work 5- 8 hours per day (from 54% of taxi drivers to 61% of supermarket delivery couriers). Couriers in this category have the longest working days – 21% work 9- 10 hours, compared to 13% overall).
Most often, platform workers decide for themselves when and how much to work at their own discretion and without a prior plan (50%). The highest share of such workers is among freelancers – 67%. Only 22% fall into this category among supermarket delivery workers.